great to hear someone getting into the obsession of fishing too. I always learned from very young, my dad comes from London so he did a lot of freshwater and canal fishing growing up, he therefore taught us to fish first using small quill floats, its a really good way to hone your skills because its both visual and textile.
You can catch a lot of fish on a simple rig with a float, small hook and a split-shot to keep your float upright. With that said, I find it hard to get good floats in Australia so have them shipped over, the idea here is that a fish will come up and bump your bait or peck at it, which will make the float bobble, once a fish takes more of it the float will be pulled under the water and thats when you can gently strike and set the hook, I have been teaching my 5 year old son like this is salt water lakes and lagoons. The main trick here is making sure you have quality line and the float set right, you want to keep as much tension on the line as possible, slack and curled line means you will miss more fish than you will get, keeping the line not tight but not super slack means the fish will mostly set the hook themselves, its a really rewarding way to fish and easy to teach kids, catching a carp that way is super fun.
The second way I learned to fish was lure fishing, my Dad and I would go to NZ a lot and all over NSW search for trout with lures, the key here is learning to cast correctly, My dad taught me this on trips to NZ we would stop at a park or big open space and he would just tie a ball sinker on the end of the line and have me cast it out onto the grass and retrieve it, simple and hassle free way to practice.
Bait fishing with a standard sinker, hook swivel setup was what we used for boat or beach fishing, not a lot to it, put your bait on, cast it and wait.
One thing I would stress here and something that bugs me beyond belief is people being taught to hold the rod in their left hand when they are right handed. The real is a crank and lever, meaning that it does not require your strength, the ratio of the reel is usually printed on the box, one crank turns it around 5 or more times, you definitely need to learn to fight a fish with the rod and not the reel. The rod is designed to be an extension of your arm, the reel is there to help you retrieve the line.
Holding your rod in your strong arm helps you with casting as well as easily transitioning from cast to retrieval and fishing without having to change hands. It also helps with casting as you will cast with your stronger hand like throwing a ball. You do most things better with your preferred arm and that applies here, so first thing I do when. buy them is switch over the reel handle........... /rant